Maryland doctor explains why gallbladder removal is needed and how life changes after surgery

The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ located beneath the liver on the upper right side of the abdomen. Its primary role is to store bile, a digestive fluid produced by the liver that helps break down fats. When a person eats, the gallbladder releases bile into the small intestine through the biliary tract to aid digestion.

While the gallbladder performs an important function, it is also prone to problems. According to Maryland-based physician Dr Kunal Sood, gallbladder issues often arise due to the buildup of excess cholesterol or bilirubin, which can lead to inflammation, blockage, or the formation of gallstones. Gallstones are hardened deposits of bile that may remain symptomless or cause severe pain if they block bile ducts.

In cases where gallstones or inflammation become serious or recurrent, doctors may recommend gallbladder removal, a procedure known as cholecystectomy. Dr Sood explained that this surgery can be performed either through traditional open surgery or a minimally invasive laparoscopic approach, which typically allows faster recovery.

After gallbladder removal, bile no longer gets stored in the body. Instead, it flows directly from the liver into the small intestine. This change can temporarily affect digestion. Dr Sood noted that many patients experience short-term side effects such as difficulty digesting fatty foods, constipation, or diarrhoea.

However, he stressed that these symptoms are usually temporary. Over time, the digestive system adapts to the continuous flow of bile. To support recovery, Dr Sood recommends simple lifestyle adjustments, including following a low-fat, high-fibre diet, staying well hydrated, and maintaining regular physical activity.

Reassuring patients, Dr Sood emphasised that living without a gallbladder does not mean compromising on health or quality of life. “You can live a healthy life even without a gallbladder,” he said, adding that medical advice should be sought if symptoms persist or worsen.

With proper care and dietary changes, most people recover well and return to normal routines after gallbladder removal.